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体育
概述 General Terms
安慰赛 consolation match
奥林匹克运动会 Olympic Games; Olympiad
八分之一决赛 eight of finals
板球 cricket
半决赛 semifinals
保持状态 maintain present form
保护服 protective clothing
保龄球 bowling
爆冷门 produce an unexpected winner
不在状态 out of form
裁判员 referee ; umpire ; judge
残疾人运动 sports for the disabled
场上队长                  field captain
场上作风                  court manner
传统体育                  traditional sports
慈善赛                    charity match
粗野作风                  rough playing
点火炬仪式                flame-lighting ceremony
冬季运动                  winter sports
对抗赛                    dual meet
服用兴奋剂                doping
复赛                      quarter-finals
个人技巧                  individual skill
公开赛                    open ; open game / tournament
古典运动                  ancient sports
观众                      spectator ; audience
锦标赛；冠军赛            championships
国防体育                  national defense sports
国家体育总局              State Physical Culture Administration
国脚                      player of the national football team ; footballer of the national team
航空运动                  air / aviation / flying sports
黑马                      dark horse
恢复状态                  return to form
击剑                      fencing
基本功                    basic technique
记分牌                    score board
记者席                    press box
健美运动                  bodybuilding exercises
奖牌榜                    medal standings / rankings
教练员                    trainer ; coach
举重                      weight lifting
康乐球                    caroms
客场比赛                  away match
啦啦队                   cheer squad
马术                     equestrian sports
模拟训练                 simulator
摩托车运动               motor-cycling
摩托艇运动               motor-boating
球类运动                 ball games
曲棍球                   hockey
热身运动                 warming up
柔道                     judo
赛车                     car racing ; motor sports
赛马                     horse race
赛前夺冠热门             pre-race favorite for the title
射击                     shooting
射箭                     archery
世界大学生运动会         Universidad
世界排名第一选手         world No.1 player
室内运动                 indoor sports
室外运动                 outdoor sports
手球                     handball
摔跤                     wrestling
水上运动                 water / marine / aquatic sports
四连冠                   four straight / consecutive championships
淘汰赛                   elimination match
体育按摩                 sports massage
体育道德                 sportsmanship
体育评论员               sports commentator
田径赛                   track and field meet
头号种子选手             top seed
卫冕冠军                 defending champion
雪上运动                 snow sports
循环赛                   round robin
训练不足                 under-training
训练过度                 over-training
亚运会                   Asian Games
运动心理学               sports psychology
整理运动                 cooling down
职业选手                 professional athlete
种子选手                 seeded played
主场比赛                 home match
主教练                   head coach ; chief coach
自行车赛                 cycling
足球流氓                 football hooligan

传统体育 Traditional Sports
拔河                     tug-of-war
匕首                     dagger
鞭                       whip
兵器                     weapon
叉                       fork
长矛                     lance
杵                       pestle
锤                       hammer
大刀                     broadsword
单刀                     cutlass
斧                       ax
弓箭                     bow and arrow
戟                       halbert
锏                       rapier
毽子                     shuttlecock
龙舟赛                   dragon boat race
气功                     qigong ; breathing exercise
三节棍                   three-section cudgel
十八般武艺               eighteen techniques in Chinese Kung fu
太极拳                   Taiji ; Chinese shadow boxing
跳皮筋                   rubberband skipping
跳绳                     rope skipping
无禽戏                   five-animal exercises
武术                     Wushu ; martial arts
中国式摔跤               Chinese style wrestling

奥林匹克运动会 The Olympiads
奥林匹克火炬             Olympic torch
奥林匹克圣火             Olympic flame
奥林匹克誓词             Olympic oath
奥运村                   Olympic village
奥运会城                 Olympic city
奥运项目                 Olympic events
奥运选手                 Olympian
剥夺奥运                 strip the gold medal of sb .
殿军                     last-placed winner
东道国                   host country
东奥会                   Olympic Winter Games
更快，更高，更强         Citius, Altius, Fortius
冠军腰带                 champion belt
国际奥委会               International Olympic Committee (IOC)
国际奥委会主席           president of the IOC
会歌                     anthem
会徽                     emblem
会旗                     flag of the games
季军                     third place
金牌得主                 gold medallist
开幕式                   opening ceremony
申办                     bid
世界记录                 world record
性别检查                 sex check
亚军                     runner-up ; second place
执行委员会               Executive Board
仲裁委员会               Arbitration Commission
主办2008年奥运会        host the 2008 Olympic Games
组织委员会               Organizing Committee

田径 Track and Field ; Athletic Sports
田赛 Field Events
背越式                   back style
标枪                     javelin
撑杆跳高                 pole-vault; pole-jump
立定跳远                 standing long jump
链球                     hammer
铅球                     shot
三级跳                   triple jump
跳高                     high jump
跳远                     broad jump
铁饼                     discus
投掷                     throw
径赛 Track Events
长跑                     long-distance race
场外项目                 road events
传棒                     passing of the baton
短跑                     dash
发令抢                   starting pistol
接力赛                   relay race
竞走                     walking race
跨栏                     hurdle race
马拉松                   marathon
抢跑                     jump the gun
弯道                     curve
越野赛跑                 cross-country race
直道                     straight
最后冲刺                 final spurt
最后一棒运动员           anchor man
七项全能                 heptathlon
七项全能选手             heptathlete
十项全能                 decathlon
五项全能                  pentathlon
现代五项                  modern pentathlon

体操 Gymnastics
鞍马                      pommelled horse
单杠                      horizontal bar
吊环                      hand rings
高低杠                    high-low bar
规定动作                  compulsory exercises
平衡木                    balance beam
全能冠军                  all-round champion
双杠                      parallel bar
跳马                      vaulting
艺术体操                  stylistic gymnastics
自选动作                  optional exercises
自由体操                  floor exercises

篮球 Basketball
持球（不能再运球）队员    dead player
带球走                    traveling ; walking
二次运球                  double dribble
罚球区                    free throw area
犯规                      foul
盖帽                      blocking a shot
勾手投篮                  hook shot
假传                      fake pass
篮板球                    rebound
篮板上的小方框            backboard marking
篮球场地                  basketball court
三秒区                    3-second zone ; foul lane
神投手                    sharp shot ; hotshot
跳球圈                    jump circle
违例                      violation
运球                      dribble

美国职业篮球联赛  NBA
Atlanta Hawks             亚特兰大鹰队
Boston Celtics              波士顿凯尔特人队
Charlotte Hornets           夏洛特黄蜂队
Chicago Bulls              芝加哥公牛队
Cleveland Cavaliers         克里夫兰骑士队
Dellas Mavericks           达拉斯小牛队
Denver Nuggets            丹佛掘金队
Detroit Pistons             底特律活塞队
Golden State Warriors       金州勇士队
Houston Rockets           休斯顿火箭队
Indiana Pacers             印第安那步行者队
Los Angles Clippers         洛山矶快船队
Los Angles Lakers          洛山矶湖人队
Memphis Grizzliers         孟菲斯灰熊队
Miami Heat               迈阿密热队
Milwaukee Bucks          密尔沃基雄鹿队
Minnesota Timberwolve     明尼苏达森林狼队
New Jersey Nets           新泽西网队
New York Nicks           纽约尼克斯队
Orlando Magic            奥兰多魔术队
Philadelphia 76ers         费城76人队
Phoenix Suns             费尼克斯太阳队 
Portland Trail Blazers       波特兰开拓者队
Sacramento Kings          萨克拉门托国王队
San Antonio Spurs         圣安东尼奥马刺队
Seattle Supersonics         西雅图超音速队
Toronto Raptors            多伦多猛龙队
Utah Jazz                 犹他爵士队
Washington Wizards        华盛顿奇才队

排球 Volleyball
标志杆                   vertical rod
持球                     holding ; catching
二传手                   setter ; tosser
副裁判                   umpire
扣球手                   spiker ; attacker
拦网                     block
连击                     double hit
两次触球                 double contact
四次击球                 four-hit
一传                     first pass
正裁判                   referee

足球 Football
巴西阵式                 Brazilian formation
摆脱                     break loose
边锋战术                 wing play
边线传球                 flank pass
铲球                     slide tackle
炒教练                   fire a coach
带球过人                 break through ; beat
倒勾球                   bicycle kick ; overhead kick
德甲                     German Bundesliga
点球                     penalty kick
盯人防守                 close – marking defence
短传                     close pass ; short pass
罚任意球                 free kick
（南美）丰田解放者       Copa Toyota Libertadores
高吊传球                 high lobbing pass
官哨                     official referee (who manipulate the match according to some official’s order )
国际足球联盟             Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)
合理冲撞                 fair charge
黑哨                     black referee (who is bribed and manipulate the match )
红牌                     red card
后卫                     back
黄牌                     yellow card
甲A联赛                 First Division Group A League
甲 B 联赛                 First Division Group B League
假动作                    deceptive movement
假球                      soccer fraud
角球                      corner ball ; corner
接球                      take a pass
截球                      intercept
解围球                    clearance kick
救球(守门员)               save
开球                      kick-off
控制球                    ball handling
控制中场                  control the midfield
连续传球                  consecutive passes
联合会杯                  Conferation Cup
凌空传球                  volley pass
帽子戏法                  hat trick ; third goals by one player in a match
美洲杯                    Copa America
欧洲杯                    European Cup
盘球                      dribbling
平胸球                    chest-high ball
破坏一次攻势              break up an attack
前锋                      forward
前卫                      half back
球门球                    goal kick
全攻全守足球战术          total football
射门                      to shoot
4-3-3 阵式                 four-three-three formation
身体阻挡                  body check
世界杯                    World Cup
世界杯出线                qualifying for FIFA World Cup
手触球                    hand ball
守门员                    goalkeeper ; goaltender ; goalie
四后卫制                  four backs system
头球                      header
拖延战术                  time wasting tactics
未射中                    mishit
下课                      resign ; be fired
胸部挡球                  chesting
乙级联赛                  Second Division
“意甲”                  Italian Serie A
英超联赛                  English Premier League
鱼跃顶球                  diving header
远射                      long drive
越位                      offside
越位战术                  off-side trap
正面抢截                  block tackle
掷界外球                  throw-in
中场                      midfield
中锋                      center forward ; center
中国足球协会              Chinese Football Association (CFA)
中前卫                    center half back
中圈                      kick-off circle
中线                      half-way line
筑人墙                    to set a wall
足球场                    field ; pitch
足协杯赛                  FA Cup
左边锋                    outside left forward ; outside left
左后卫                    left back

兵乓球 Table Tennis
混合双打                  mixed double
男子单打                  men’s single
男子团体赛                men’s team
女子双打                  women’s double

羽毛球 Badminton
不掌握发球权的一方        out side
重新发球                  let
发球                      serve
换发球                    service over
扑网                      rush-up ; rushing
球拍                      racket
汤姆斯杯                  Thomas Cup
尤伯杯                   Uber Cup
羽毛球比赛用球           badminton shuttlecock
掌握发球权的一方         in side

网球 Tennis
边线球                   sideline ball
边线直线球               down-the-line shot
草地网球场               grass court
草地网球运动             lawn tennis
长球                     long shot
抽低球                   low drive
抽球                     smash
重发球                   let
触线球                   line ball
打出边线的球             wide
低球                     low ball
 底线球                  baseline ball
短球                     short shot
二平                     thirty all
发球线                   service line
发球者                   server
高球                     high ball ; lob
高球扣杀                 overhead smash ; overhand smash
后场                     back court
击触地球                 ground stroke
接球者                   receiver
截击空中球               volley
局                       game
局未平分 ； 盘末平局     deuce
落网球                   net
盘                       set
平击球                   flat stroke
前场                     fore court
球拍                     racket
球拍夹                   racket press
三平                     forty all
深球                     deep ball
双误                     double fault
削球                     cut
斜线球                   crosscourt
旋转球                   spin
一方得零分的一局         love game
一平                     fifteen all
跃起抽球                 jump smash
直线球                   straight ball
中点                     center mark

棒球 Baseball
安打                     safe hit
本垒打                   home run
触杀                     touch out
传杀                     double play / kill
封杀                     force out
内场手                   outfielder
游击手                   shortstop

水上运动 Water Sports
蝶游                     butterfly (stroke )
帆船运动                 sailing
花样游泳                 synchronized swimming
滑水                     water-skiing
冲浪                     surf-riding
混合泳                   medley relay
皮船                     kayak
赛艇                     rowing ; yachting
水橇                     water skiing
水球                     water polo
跳水                     diving
入水时水花很少           clean entry
蛙式                     breaststroke
仰式                     backstroke
游艇                     yacht
自由式                   freestyle

冬季运动 Winter Sports
北欧两项                 Nordic Combined
冰壶                     curling
冰球                     ice hockey
冬季两项                 biathlon
短道速滑                 short track
钢架雪车                 skeleton
高山滑雪                 alpine skiing
花样滑冰                 figure skating
滑板滑雪                 snowboarding
滑旱冰                   roller skating
滑雪板                   ski
速度滑冰                 speed skating
速降滑雪赛 ; 滑降        downhill race
跳台滑雪                 ski jumping
雪车                     bobsleigh
雪橇                     luge
越野滑雪                 cross-country skiing
障碍滑雪                 slalom
自由式滑雪               freestyle ski