普罗旺斯；卡布其诺；雅施兰黛

Pass Cambridge Higher Vocabulary

Unit 1a Work roles 工作职责

specification  n. 规定, 说明
infringement  n. 侵权
WorkSet  n. 工作定向, 定工制, 岗位责任制
job description   n. 职责描述, 岗位说明书
job brief  n. 工作概要, 简要工作布置
management consultancy  管理咨询公司
pie chart  n. 饼形图
WorkSet color  n. 定工色牌, 定工色块
re-align  v. 重新调整
peak occupancy   （酒店）入住高峰期
hierarchy  n. 等级制的公司
superior  n. 上级
project team  项目小组
technical document  技术资料,技术手册
users' manual  用户说明书, 用户手册
clock in and out  上下班打卡  （clock on and off）
nine to five  朝9晚5 （的工作方式）
leisure group  旅游休闲集团公司
work flexible hours  实行弹性工作时间
temp  临时工 （temporary employee）
PA 私人助理 （personal assistant; or P. A. ）
a huge say  有很大的发言权
initiative  n. 主动权
team leadership  团队领导才能
workshop  n. 研讨班; 培训班
perception  n. 认识, 观念, 看法
attribute  n. 品质, 特性  （behavioral ~ 行为特征）
in-company  adj. 公司内部的
to screen  vt. 筛选, 审查

Work Roles Glossary

accountability  问责性

aptitude  能力倾向

brainstorming  头脑风暴

career orientation  职业定位（The fairly stable pattern of preferred occupational activities, talents, values, and attitudes. ）

career path  职业道路

career skills portfolio  职业技巧组合（The sum total of one's occupational skills, abilities, and knowledge.）

competency  能力素质/ 素能 （ A measurable pattern of knowledge, skills, abilities, behaviors, and other characteristics that an individual needs to perform work roles or occupational functions successfully. ）

eligible  adj. 合格的 （An applicant who satisfies the minimum qualifications requirements for the position, and therefore is eligible for consideration. ）

employee survey  员工意见调查 （anonymous questionnaire that enables employees to state their candid opinions and attitudes about an organization and its practices. ）

empowerment  授权 （giving people the authority, opportunity, and motivation to take initiative and solve organizational problems. ）

formalization  职能正规化 （ the extent to which work roles are highly defined by an organization. ）

goal setting  目标制定

group cohesiveness  团队凝聚力 （ the degree to which a group is especially attractive to its members. ）

interdisciplinary position  交叉性职位 （a position involving duties and responsibilities closely related to more than one professional occupation. As a result, you could classify the position into two or more professional occupational series. The nature of the work is such that people with education and experience in two or more professions may be considered equally well qualified to do the work. ）

inter-occupational mobility  职业间流动 （the ability of workers to move from one job to another outside of their occupational family （e.g. English teacher to television scriptwriter or office administrator to Web site developer）

Intra-occupational mobility  职业内流动 （the ability of workers to move from one job to another within an  occupational family （e.g. auto mechanic to truck mechanic or carpenter to cabinetmaker）

job analysis  职务分析 （a systematic method for gathering, documenting, and analyzing information about the content, context and requirements of the job. It demonstrates that there is a clear relationship between the tasks performed on the job and the competencies required to perform the tasks. Job analysis information is used to develop employee selection procedures, identify training needs, define performance standards and other uses. ）

job satisfaction  工作满意度 （Job satisfaction is a term used to describe how content an individual is with their job. There are a variety of factors that can influence a person's level of job satisfaction: the level of pay and benefits, the perceived fairness of the promotion system within a company, the quality of the working conditions, leadership, social relationships and the job itself （the variety of tasks involved, the interest and challenge the job generates, and the clarity of the job description/ requirements.）

life career development  终身职业发展 （ self-development over the life span through the roles, settings, and events in a person's life）

life career planning  终身职业规划 （The decision-making process by which you identify the alternatives open to you in occupational, educational and leisure arras of your life. ）

life skills  生活技能 （skills that enable a person to cope with the stresses and challenges of life; e.g. communication skills, decision-making skills, resource and time-management skills and planning skills. ）

management by objectives （MBO） 目标管理法 （an elaborate, systematic, ongoing program to facilitate goal establishment, goal accomplishment, and employee development. ）

mentoring  辅导 （a learning-based activity whereby an experienced and competent individual enters into a relationship of support, encouragement, information and advice for a learner who wants to acquire similar experience and competence. ）

mobility  职业流动

motivation  激励

non-standard work  非标准工作  （part-time, contract and temporary work are common examples of non-standard employment. Other examples include home telecommuter, satellite office telecommuter and remote field worker. For teleworkers, the workplace could be at home, a satellite office, on site at a customer's office or even in a vehicle. Non-standard employment also includes "own-account" self-employment, which is the selling of goods or services by people who do not employ workers themselves. Non-standard work broadens the consideration of workers looking to pursue work alternatives. ）

standard work 标准工作 （full-time, full-year work with a single employer. Standard work usually offers some form of benefits and some further prospects. A typical employer could be a large firm or a government department.）

on-the-job training  在职培训 （It refers to human resource development or ongoing training for workers on the job.）

role ambiguity  角色模糊  （lack of clarity of job goals or methods）

role conflict   角色冲突  （a condition of being faced with incompatible role expectations）

self-actualization 自我实现  （the need to achieve one's potential）

task forces  特别行动小组  （temporary groups set up to solve coordination problems across several departments）

team building  团队建设  （an effort to increase the effectiveness of work teams by improving interpersonal processes, goal clarification, and role clarification.）

transferable skills  可转移性技能  （skills that can be used in a variety of jobs or occupations）

workforce diversity  雇员差异性  （differences among recruits and employees in characteristics such as gender, race, age, religion, cultural background, physical ability and sexual orientation）

Job Description Glossary

Sales （Department） 销售部:

launch marketing promotions 举办促销活动
launch campaigns  组织商品推销活动
introduce products  推介产品
demonstrate products 演示产品
take care of complimentary presents 负责促销赠品工作
persuade customers to buy 说服顾客购买商品
place advertisements 刊登广告
advertise products  为商品做广告
bargain about price 讨价还价
offer discount 提供促销折扣

Public Relations （Department） 公关部:

talk to the press and the public 与新闻媒体和公众交流
communicate information form the company 向外界披露公司信息
give away publicity products 赠送宣传品
entertain business clients 招待客户
alter/create/develop/establish/improve/project/promote corporate image 改变/创立/发展/建立/改善/突出/推广企业形象

Account （department） 客户部:

in charge of development and maintenance of the company's business resources 负责公司业务资源的开发及维护
engage in planning and organization of corporate hospitality events 负责大型企业公关活动的策划与组织
analyze and understand the market 分析企业动态,了解市场行情
search potential clients 寻求潜在客户
pass demands and suggestions from the clients to the company and communicate information from the company 把客户的想法和需求传达给公司, 再把公司相关信息传达给客户
analyze customer behavior 分析顾客行为
personalize offerings 提供个性化服务/产品
anticipate customer wants 预测顾客需求
keep clients and the company in good relationship 使客户与公司之间保持和谐、良性的合作关系

Customer Service （department） 客户服务部:

deal with customers' calls and solve problems 处理客户来电, 解决客户问题
accept repairs and deal with customers' complaints 接受维修业务和处理客户投诉
communicate timely with customers 与客户及时进行沟通
offer a comprehensive and convenient after-care service 提供全面便捷的售后服务
offer a full professional after-sales service 提供整套的专业售后服务
undertake installation and testing tasks from the company 负责承担公司分配的安装、调试任务
offer training to users' technical staff 为用户技术人员提供培训服务

Accounts （department） 会计部:

make/work out budget 制定收支预算
keep accounts 完成会计记账
deal with financial matters 处理各种财务事项

Personnel/Human Resources （dept） 人事部/人力资源部:

recruit/hire new staff 招聘新员工
interview applicants 面试求职者
promote staff 晋升员工职务
train staff 培训员工
fire staff 解聘员工
retire staff 辞退员工
deal with relationships between management and work force 协调管理层与员工的人事关系

R&D （dept） 研发部:

do market research  进行市场调查
do product research 进行产品调查
design a product  设计/策划产品
engage in product development 进行产品开发
carry out/perform/conduct experiments 开展新产品实验
customize a product 根据顾客的具体要求研制产品